App Review

Element Review (2026): The Open Standard for Chat

Open-source, federated, end-to-end encrypted

8.2
/ 10
★ 4.1 / 5

Element is the messenger for people who want to own their chat infrastructure. It runs on the open Matrix standard — federated like email, hostable like a website, and fully open source. We award 8.2 / 10: noticeably below Signal because end-to-end encryption is opt-in per room (not default), but stronger than any messenger that locks you into one company's server.

Reviewed by the xchat.directory editorial team · Last reviewed

Element at a glance

Price Free + paid tiers
Encryption Optional in select chats
Owner Commercial · United Kingdom
Phone required No (username only)
Open source Yes (client + server)
Platforms iOS / Android / Web / Desktop
Group size 1,000 members
Founded 2017

What Is Element?

Element is the most popular client for the Matrix protocol — an open standard for real-time communication, kind of the messaging equivalent of email's SMTP. Element is built and maintained by Element (the company, formerly New Vector) in the UK. The Matrix homeserver reference implementation (Synapse) and the protocol itself are open source under the Apache 2.0 license.

What makes Element different from Signal, Threema, and Wire is federation. Any individual or company can run a Matrix homeserver. Homeservers talk to each other through the open Matrix protocol — so a user on matrix.org can chat with a user on acme-corp.example.com without any central party granting permission. That's the architectural difference: Element users control where their account and message data physically live.

Element is targeted at three audiences: open-source communities who want a chat tool that integrates with their git workflow, businesses who need to self-host chat data on their own infrastructure, and privacy-aware users who don't want to be locked into Meta's, Google's, or any single company's chat service.

Privacy & Security — Federated, Open, but Opt-In E2EE

Element's privacy model is unique and worth understanding in detail:

  • Open standard. Matrix is developed by the Matrix.org Foundation under an open governance model. The protocol specs, server reference implementation (Synapse), and all Element clients are open source.
  • Federation. No single company controls the network. If element.io shut down tomorrow, the network would keep running because matrix.org, kde.org, and thousands of other homeservers would still be online.
  • E2EE uses the Olm/Megolm protocol, audited multiple times by independent firms. It is strong crypto but works differently from the Signal Protocol.
  • Self-hosting. You can run your own Matrix server (with or without Element as the client). For a regulated business this is the killer feature: full data sovereignty.

The catch — and the reason Element doesn't beat Signal on everyday privacy — is end-to-end encryption is opt-in per room. New 1:1 conversations are E2EE by default in modern Element, but new group rooms start server-side encrypted and have to be flipped on in settings. Most users never flip that switch.

This is a deliberate trade-off in the Matrix protocol: server-side encryption enables features like search, cross-device search history, and E2EE compatibility bridges to Slack and Discord — features that are impossible with strict default E2EE. For most users, the trade-off is fine. For an activist checking who knows what in their chat server, it's not.

Bridges — the practical superpower

The Matrix ecosystem runs bridges that connect Matrix rooms to other chat systems: mautrix bridges for WhatsApp, Telegram, Signal, Slack, Discord, SMS, Instagram, Facebook, and more. The result: you can use one Element app to interact with contacts on other platforms, through encrypted bridges. The catch: bridges typically run on third-party servers and the bridge operator sees the unencrypted traffic on each side.

Features — Closer to Slack Than to WhatsApp

Element is positioned between a messenger and a team collaboration tool:

  • 1:1 and group rooms up to 1,000 members
  • Threaded replies, public room listings, room invites by link
  • End-to-end encrypted rooms (opt-in per room)
  • Voice and video calls using WebRTC — encrypted when the room is E2EE
  • Spaces — workspace-style groupings of rooms (think Slack workspace or Discord server)
  • Search across history — works because most history is server-side encrypted (a real trade-off if you want strict E2EE)
  • File sharing and inline preview up to ~100MB per file
  • Cross-platform clients: iOS, Android, Web (works in any browser), macOS, Windows, Linux
  • Bots and integrations via webhooks and bots (smaller than Slack's ecosystem but real)
  • Bridges to WhatsApp, Signal, Telegram, Slack, Discord, SMS

What Element doesn't ship: Stories, public broadcast channels, sticker economy. Matrix doesn't try to be a social app — it tries to be an open replacement for Slack and Discord that you can self-host.

Cost — Free, With a Hosted Option

Element Web is free. Element Desktop and mobile apps are free. The Matrix network has free public homeservers you can register on. If you want a hosted, premium experience, Element sells Element Cloud (their hosted Matrix service) and Element Enterprise On-Prem (self-hosted with commercial support). Pricing for the hosted plans is per-user, per-month, starting around $5/user/month.

Self-hosting Matrix is operationally heavier than running a Signal server. A minimal homeserver (Synapse in monolith mode) can run on a small VPS, but production-scale deployments for thousands of users typically require real ops work — Postgres, worker processes, federation tuning, etc.

Who Should Use Element?

Element is the right choice if:

  • You want to self-host your chat data — for compliance, sovereignty, or ideological reasons
  • You run an open-source community and want chat that integrates with GitHub, GitLab, or your forum
  • You're building cross-platform chat features with bridges to Slack / Discord / WhatsApp
  • You want a Slack replacement that doesn't sell your message metadata
  • You participate in federated communities — Matrix.org hosts many public rooms for open-source projects, FOSS communities, and hobby groups

If your priority is "easy E2EE for daily chat," Signal wins with default-on encryption. If you're a business looking for E2EE collaboration with SSO and admin controls out of the box, Wire is the more polished pick. If you need zero server-side metadata, Session or Threema are better picks.

Element vs Signal vs Wire vs Slack — Quick Comparison

Vs Signal: Signal is a single nonprofit with one app; Element is an open standard with many client and server implementations. Signal's E2EE is default; Element's is opt-in per room. Pick Signal for daily encrypted chat; pick Element for infrastructure control.

Vs Wire: Both target teams with E2EE. Wire has better-built-in admin (SSO, audit logs, conference calls). Element has better self-hosting and federated control. Pick Wire if you want a polished SaaS; pick Element if you want to own the stack.

Vs Slack: Element gives you everything Slack does — channels, threads, integrations, voice rooms — but with E2EE and self-hosting. Slack has more polished integrations and a bigger user base. Element is the right answer if Slack's pricing or data ownership is the problem.

The Honest Verdict

Element is not the messenger most people will adopt for daily chat with their family. The UX is rougher than WhatsApp, the group size limit is half of Telegram's, and the E2EE-default situation means privacy is one toggle away from being broken. For most consumers, Signal or Threema will be the right pick.

What Element is, uniquely, is the only well-maintained, fully open-source, federated chat protocol that's actually viable as a Slack or Discord replacement. For open-source communities, self-hosting businesses, and anyone who wants their chat infrastructure to outlive any single company, Element is the strongest choice in 2026 — and it's only getting better.

What we like

  • Open standard (Matrix) with federated server model — no single point of control
  • E2EE rooms + interoperability bridges to Telegram/Slack/Discord
  • Self-hostable for organizations

What we don't

  • E2EE must be turned on for each new room (not default)
  • User experience is rougher than WhatsApp/Telegram
  • Smaller consumer user base than major players

Common questions

Is Element end-to-end encrypted by default?

No. New 1:1 conversations are E2EE by default in current Element, but new group rooms start server-side encrypted and you must turn on E2EE in room settings. This is the biggest UX pitfall in Element — and a reason we don't rate it higher on privacy. Most users never flip the toggle.

What is the Matrix protocol?

Matrix is an open, federated standard for real-time communication — like email's SMTP, but for chat. Any organization can run a homeserver, and homeservers federate: an account on one can chat with accounts on others without anyone's permission. Element is the most popular client for Matrix.

Can I self-host Element?

Yes. You can run a complete open-source stack: Synapse homeserver, Element Web/Desktop client, and optional bridges to WhatsApp, Telegram, Slack, Discord, and SMS. Self-hosting is heavier than running a Signal server but for organizations that need data sovereignty, it's one of the few production-grade options.

Does Element require a phone number?

No. Element requires no phone or email — just pick a username on the homeserver you register with. The default homeserver is matrix.org.

Is Element open source?

Yes. All Element clients and the Synapse homeserver reference implementation are open source under the Apache 2.0 license. Element the company also runs a hosted service (element.io) for users who don't want to self-host.

Is Element safe to use?

Yes for everyday messaging, with caveats. Element uses audited Olm/Megolm end-to-end encryption when a room is E2EE-enabled, and the Matrix protocol is open and independently reviewed. Safety depends on the room: until you turn on E2EE, your homeserver can read the messages, and other homeservers in the federation see them in transit under server-side encryption. For private one-on-one conversations and modern rooms this is good enough; for high-risk work, check that the room shows the green shield icon before saying anything sensitive.

Is Element safer than Signal?

In raw cryptographic strength, both use well-audited modern protocols. The practical difference is defaults and architecture: Signal end-to-end encrypts every chat by default on a single, minimal-metadata server. Element end-to-end encrypts group rooms only after you toggle it on, and messages travel through federation between potentially many homeservers. If "the server operator never sees my messages" is the goal, Signal wins on defaults. If "no single vendor controls my chat infrastructure," Element wins.

Is Element encrypted?

Always encrypted, but not always end-to-end. Message content is server-side encrypted between homeservers by default and stored encrypted on the homeserver. End-to-end encryption (Olm/Megolm) is opt-in per room in Element and is what prevents the homeserver operator from reading content. New 1:1 conversations are E2EE by default; new group rooms are not until you turn it on in room settings.

Can police recover Element messages?

It depends on the room and the homeserver. In rooms that are not end-to-end encrypted, the homeserver operator holds message history that can be turned over to law enforcement with a valid legal request. In E2EE rooms, the homeserver stores ciphertext only and the operator cannot read the content, but it still has to identify the user account and apply standard legal process. Homeservers operate under different jurisdictions; matrix.org is in the EU and self-hosted homeservers sit wherever the operator runs them.

Is Element better than WhatsApp?

For ownership and interoperability, yes; for reach, no. WhatsApp end-to-end encrypts chats by default and is on every phone, but it requires a phone number, no self-hosting, and locks you into Meta's infrastructure. Element is federated, self-hostable, and has encrypted bridges to other messengers. If your contacts are already on WhatsApp, stay on WhatsApp for reach; if you want a privacy-respecting messenger you control, Element is the better technical choice.

Element vs Slack or Discord?

For community and team chat, Element is the only Slack/Discord competitor that lets you fully own your data. Public rooms, threads, file sharing, voice/video, integrations — all included. Unlike Slack and Discord, all of this can be self-hosted and you control where your message data physically lives.